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A simple anthropometric measure used to determine an approximate index of the absolute amount of abdominal fat, intra-abdominal fat mass and total body fat.

An anthropometric measure that provides and estimate of the relative accumulation of abdominal fat. It is a calculation of the waist circumference divided by hip circumference.

also called Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a brain disorder involving loss of specific brain functions caused by a thiamine deficiency

Smooth, slightly elevated area on the skin, paler or redder than the surrounding area. Caused by the release of histamine, and its action on the local tissues. The area is often itchy, and the wheal may change in size and shape. Usually disappears within a few hours.

A positive response to a skin test. The wheal is a central 'blister' which is surrounded by a flat reddened area (the flare). The reaction is caused by the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators from mast cells in the skin in response to the application of the matching (homologous) antigen (allergen) applied in the test reagent.

A continuous musical sound caused by narrowing of the lumen of a respiratory passageway. Often noted only by the use of a stethoscope, it occurs in asthma, croup, hay fever, mitral stenosis, and bronchitis. It may result from asthma, tumours, foreign body airway obstructions, bronchial spasm, pulmonary infections, emphysema and other chronic obstructive lung diseases, or pulmonary edema.

also called a pancreaticoduodenectomy, it is generally the removal of the gallbladder, common bile duct, part of the duodenum, and the head of the pancreas

areas of pathologically altered tissue in the brain

The genotype that predominates in a natural population of organisms.

Thirty seconds of all-out supermaximal exercise performed on either an arm-crank or leg-cycle ergometer which is a performance test for anaerobic power.

Refers to memory that is used to plan and carry out behaviour.