Information in this section pertains to all global PEN® partners except where country flags are
visible. Click on the flag(s) for country-specific information. If a country flag is not listed, there is
no information specific to that country.
Importance to Practice
Whether a person has chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, or other chronic or acute ailments, the nutrition guidelines designed for the management of these and other health conditions can limit or exclude numerous foods and preparation methods (1-3). This limitation/exclusion can lead to significantly reduced choices due to the large amount of restricted items that are found in commonly eaten foods. People have varying levels